QUANTIFICATION OF XYLOPIC ACID AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT EVALUATIONS OF THE DRIED FRUITS OF XYLOPIA AETHIOPICA FROM FOUR AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Authors

  • Raphael N. Alolga State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.
  • Assogba G. Assanhou Université d'Abomey Calavi, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Unité de formation et de recherche en Pharmacie, département de pharmacie galénique et de biopharmacie, 07BP531
  • Vitus Onoja Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Jos, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcamv15i3.2

Keywords:

extraction (SPE) pre-treatment, HPLC/UV, chromatographic fingerprint evaluation Abbreviations, C18, carbon 18, EMEA, European Medicines

Abstract

Dunal) A. Rich, (herein called XYA), family Annonaceae, commonly known as “Guinea pepper”, “Ethiopian pepper” or “Negro pepper”, are widely used in traditional African medicines to treat a wide array of diseases including malaria, fungal infections, rheumatism, arthritis, etc. Scientific investigations have ascribed the following activities to the fruits of XYA; anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, analgesic, anti-nociceptive, anti-proliferative, spermatogenic and neuropharmacological effects. The main active principle reported is xylopic acid (XA), a kaurene diterpene. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple HPLC/UV (high performance liquid chromatography – ultraviolet detection) analytical method for the quantification of XA that can be reproduced in poor-resource settings where advanced analytical detection techniques such as HPLC-MS are unavailable. Materials and Methods: Thus in this study, a simple C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) column-pretreatment ─ HPLC/UV analytical procedure was developed for the quantification of XA in the dried fruits of XYA from four African countries, Benin, Cameroon, Ghana and Nigeria. The samples of XYA from the four countries were assessed for similarities using chromatographic fingerprinting. Results: The HPLC method was validated for linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision and accuracy. The samples of XYA from Cameroon were found to have the highest average content of XA while those from Benin had the lowest average content of XA. Conclusion: Using the chromatographic fingerprint evaluation, the similarities of the samples from the four countries to the reference chromatogram was in the order: Benin > Cameroon > Nigeria > Ghana. Key words: Xylopia aethiopica, xylopic acid, C18

Author Biographies

Raphael N. Alolga, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.

State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.

Assogba G. Assanhou, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Unité de formation et de recherche en Pharmacie, département de pharmacie galénique et de biopharmacie, 07BP531

Université d'Abomey Calavi, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Unité de formation et de recherche en Pharmacie, département de pharmacie galénique et de biopharmacie, 07BP531

Vitus Onoja, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Jos, Nigeria.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Jos, Nigeria.

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Published

2018-05-30

How to Cite

Alolga, R. N., Assanhou, A. G., & Onoja, V. (2018). QUANTIFICATION OF XYLOPIC ACID AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT EVALUATIONS OF THE DRIED FRUITS OF XYLOPIA AETHIOPICA FROM FOUR AFRICAN COUNTRIES. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 15(3), 18–26. https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcamv15i3.2

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 3 (2018)

Section

Research Papers

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